California's Cancer Burden
Five-Year Survivorship
This table describes the five-year relative survival for selected cancer types by stage at diagnosis. At all stages of the disease, female breast, prostate, testis, and melanoma of the skin cancers each have
five-year relative survival rates of over 90 percent. Cancers that are diagnosed at a localized, or early stage of the disease, have higher survival rates than those diagnosed at the regional and distant stages of the disease. Cancers such as female breast cancer and prostate cancer, if diagnosed at a localized stage, have relative survival rates close to 100 percent. However, pancreatic and liver cancers, if diagnosed at the distant stage, each have five-year relative survival rates of under four percent. Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths because there are no detection tools to diagnose the disease in its early stages when surgical removal of the tumor is still possible. Of all pancreatic cancers diagnosed between 2018 and 2022 in California, 47 percent were diagnosed at distant stage.
(Table 6: 5-year survival by stage of diagnosis)
Table 6. Five-Year Relative Survival by Stage at Diagnosis in California, 2012-2021
Female Breas
| 92.3%
| 99.8% | 87.7% | 33.5%
|
Cervix Uteri
| 68.7% | 91.9% | 61.8% | 20.4%
|
Corpus and Uterus, NOS
| 82.6% | 95.0% | 71.4% | 21.0%
|
| Ovary | 53.4% | 92.5% | 74.1% | 33.3%
|
| Prostate | 97.3% | 100.0%*# | 100.0%*# | 36.8%
|
| Testis | 94.3%# | 98.9%# | 95.2%# | 69.7%#
|
| Oral Cavity & Pharynx | 71.6% | 88.8% | 71.7% | 40.1%
|
| Colon & Rectum | 67.7% | 91.8% | 74.5% | 16.7%
|
| Pancreas | 13.2% | 47.0% | 15.5% | 3.4%#
|
| Liver & Intrahepatic Bile Duct | 25.1% | 38.6% | 14.4% | 3.8%
|
| Lung & Bronchus | 26.6% | 66.2% | 36.7% | 8.8%
|
| Melanoma of the Skin | 94.4% | 100.0%*# | 74.0% | 31.4%
|
| Hodgkin Lymphoma | 89.5%# | 92.6%# | 95.1%# | 83.3%
|
| Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | 74.3% | 86.6% | 78.3% | 66.9%
|
| Leukemia | 65.5% | * | * | 65.4%
|
| Childhood (0-14 years) | 88.1% | *
| * | 88.1%
|
| Young Adult (15 - 19 years) | 75.5%# | * | * | 75.5%#
|
Adult (20+ years)
| 62.4% | * | * | 62.3%
|
Actuarial method. Ederer II method used for cumulative expected.
* The relative cumulative survival is over 100 percent and has been adjusted.
# The relative cumulative survival increased from a prior interval and has been adjusted.
+ The statistic could not be calculated.