Last Update: November 22, 2011
This page includes frequently asked questions (FAQ) for the CDPH Drinking Water Program's draft regulations for groundwater replenishment with recycled water. Such replenished groundwater will supplement drinking water supplies.
Portions of the draft regulations mention indicator compounds to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment processes.
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FAQ 1. Section 60320.118(f) of the November 21, 2011 draft regulations refers to indicator compounds for soil treatment process. What are examples of such indicator compounds?
Answer: The following are examples of chemicals that may be suitable as indicator compounds:
Acetaminophen
Atenolol
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Bisphenol A
Caffeine
DEET
Diclofenac
Dilantin
Erythromycin–H2O
17β-Estradiol (E2) |
Estriol (E3)
Estrone (E1)
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Gemfibrozil
Hydrocodone (Vicodin)
Ibuprofen
Iopromide
Ketoprofen
Meprobamate |
Metoprolol (Lopressor)
Naproxen
NDMA
Nonylphenol
Propranolol
Salicylic acid
Sulfamethoxazole
Triclosan
Trimethoprim |
FAQ 2. Section 60320.201(c)(1) of the November 21, 2011 draft regulations refers to indicator compounds, at least one from each of nine functional groups, to demonstrate that a sufficient oxidation process has been designed for implementation. What are examples of such indicator compounds?
Answer: Examples of indicator compounds associated with each of the nine functional groups (A through I) mentioned in the regulations are presented below:
( A) Hydroxy Aromatic: Acetominophen, Benzyl salicylate, Bisphenol A, Estrone, Hexyl salicylate, Isobutylparaben, Methyl salicylate, Nonylphenol, Oxybenzone, Propylparaben, Salicylclic acid, Triclosan, Clorfibric Acid
(B) Amino/Acylamino Aromatic: Sulfamethoxazole, Atorvastatin, Triclocarban
(C) Nonaromatic with carbon double bonds: Acetyl cedrene, Carbamazepine, Codeine, Hexylcinnamaldehyde, Methyl ionine, OTNE, Simvastatin hydroxyl, Terpineol
(D) Deprotonated Amine: Atenolol, Caffeine, Diclofenac, EDTA, Erythromycin-H2O, Fluoxetine, Metoprolol, Nicotine, Norfluoxetine, Ofloxacin, Paraxanthine, Pentoxifylline, Trimethoprim
(E) Alkoxy Polyaromatic: Naproxen, Propranolol
(F) Alkoxy Aromatic: Gemfibrozil, Hydrocodone
(G) Alkyl Aromatic: Benzophenone, Benzyl acetate, Bucinal, DEET, Dilantin, Dibutyl Phthalate, Diphenhydramine, Galazolide, Ibuprofen, Indolebutyric acid, Primidone, Tonalide
(H) Saturated Aliphatic: Iopromide, Isobornyl acetate, Meprobamate, Methyl dihydrojasmonate
(I) Nitro Aromatic: Musk ketone, musk xylene
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